1. European literature --
2. The Latin Middle Ages --
3. Literature and education --
8. Poetry and rhetoric --
10. The ideal landscape --
11. Poetry and philosophy --
12. Poetry and theology --
16. The book as symbol --
Excursuses: Misunderstandings of antiquity in the Middle Ages ; Devotional formula and humility ; Grammatical and rhetorical technical terms as metaphors ; Jest and earnest in medieval literature ; Late antique literary studies ; Early Christian and medieval literary studies ; The mode of existence of the medieval poet ; The poet's divine frenzy ; Poetry as perpetuation ; Poetry as entertainment ; Poetry and scholasticism ; The poet's pride ; Brevity as an ideal of style ; Etymology as a category of thought ; Numerical composition ; Numerical apothegms ; Mention of the author's name in medieval literature ; The "chivalric system of the virtues" ; The ape as metaphor ; Spain's cultural "belatedness" ; God as Maker ; Theological art-theory in the Spanish literature of the seventeenth century ; Calderón's theory of art and the Artes liberales ; Montesquieu, Ovid, and Virgil ; Diderot and Horace --
Appendix: The medieval bases of Western thought.